Incandescent gas-lamp



(No Model.)

H. J. BELL.

INOANDESGENT GAS LAMP. No. 408,068. Patented July 30, 1889.

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NITED STATES PATENT QFFICEQ HAROLD J. BELL, OF VOODBURY, NEW' JERSEY,ASSIGNOR TO THE \VELS- EACH INCANDESCENT GAS LIGHT COMPANY, OF NEYVJERSEY.

INCANDESCENT GAS-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,068, dated July 30,1889.

Application filed March 8, 1888. Serial No. 266,505. (No model.)

To all whom it may conccrn:

Be it known that I, HAROLD J. BELL, a citizen of .the United States,residing at \Voodbury, in the county of Gloucester and State of NewJersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in IncandescentGas-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to incandescent gaslamps of the class employed inthe \Velsbach 1'0 system of incandescent gas-lighting.

The invention consists in an improved burner-tip eomposedof lava,steatite, or other suitable refractory material and formed with acentral cone, an outer rim or shell, and an annular series ofgaspassages penetrating the base of the tip around the central cone andprojecting somewhat into the outer rim or shell of said tip, the objectbeing to concentrate or deflect the individual jets of flame toward thecent-er of the burner-tip.

The invention also consists in the combination,with said burner-tip, ofa perforated dia phragm in the form of a cone of wire-gauze placed belowthe tip and supported by the base of a cup that surmounts the top of thegallery, which cup also incloses and supports the burner-tip in suchmanner as to afford a chamber beneath the same, in which a thoroughmixture of gas and air is effected at the 0 point of ignition withoutliability of the gas being flashed back into the burner-tube by externalair-currents. These and other peculiarities in the construction andcombination of parts will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

3 5 In the annexed drawings, illustrating the invention, Figure 1 is avertical section of an incandescent gas-lamp embodying my improvements,the burner-ti p being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a perspective viewof my improved burner-tip. Fig. 3 is a top view of the burner-tip. Fig.l is a bottom view of said tip. Fig. 5 is asectional elevation of theburner-tip. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the wire-gauze cone placedin the bottom of the cup that supports the burner-tip. Fig. 7

is a perspective View of the perforated eupshaped mantle-protector.

The lamp-gallery 1 is supported on an atmospheric gas-burner tube 2 ofany suitable construction. To the top of the gallery is secured, eitherrigidly or detachably, a cup 3 of sufficient depth and diameter tosupport a burner-tip 4 of greater diameter than the burner'tube and toafford a gas and air expanding chamber 5 beneath the burner-tip. In thegas and air expanding chamber 5, formed by the cup 3, is placed aperforated diaphragnnwhich is preferably in the form of a wire-gauzecone (5, that rests on the bottom of the cup and extends over the top ofthe burner-tube.

The burner-tip 4:, composed of lava, steatite, or other refractorymaterial, consists of a base 7, from which rises a solid or imperforatecentral cone 8 and an outer rim or shell 9, the o 5 intervening spaceforming a continuous annular flame passage 10, that communicates withthe interior of the cup 3 through an annular series of gas passages orperforations 1l, which penetrate the base of the burnertip and projectpartially into its outer rim or shell, the annular flame passage 10being above said gas-passages. On the outer surface of this rim orshell, near the top, is a shoulder-12, by which the burner-tip issupported on the upper edge of the cup 3and prevented from coming incontact with the wire-gauze cone 6, that is placed in said cup.

The gas and air supplied through the atmospheric-gas burner-tube 2 areafforded am- 8o ple room for expansion in the chamber 5, and by passagethrough the wire-gauze cone 6 the gas and air are finely divided andbecome thoroughly intermixed in the chamber 5 immediately beneath theannular flame-passage of the burner-tip. By thus affording a space forthe expansion and thorough mixture of the gas and air at the point ofignition all liability of the gas being flashed back into theburner-tube by external currents of air is effectually prevented. Itwill also be seen that as the gas-passages 11 project somewhat into theouter shell or rim 9, as shown in Fi 5, the flame will be therebydeflected inward and concentrated around the central cone of 5 theburner-tip.

On the outer surface of the cup 3,. at or near its center, is an annularbead or shoulder 13, for supporting a perforated cup-shaped protectorll, that is adapted to receive and protect the lower edge of the fragilemantle without obstructing the access of air or interstructure of themantle.

fering with the lighting of the mantle by a match or otherwise. Thisprotector may be made of metal or of suitable refractory material. Asshown, it is formed with an annular series of elongated perforations orslots 15, for access of air-currents to pass up on the outer surface ofthe mantle, and above these perforations the protector has a flaring rim16, that more effectually protects the lower edge of the mantle.

The gallery 1 is provided with spring-holders 17, for securing a glasschimney 18, which is preferably straight or perfectly cylindricalthroughout its entire length. WVithin the chimney is placed a verticalrod 19, that is adjustably supported in a lug 20 on the gallery by meansof a set-screw 21, so that the rod can be raised or lowered, as desired.This rod is straight throughout its length except at its upper ends,where it is formed with a horizontal offset 22 and supporting-ring 23,from which the mantle 2a is suspended by platinum wires 25, as usual.

A straight chimney 18 and straight mantlesupporting rod 19 arepreferable, 011 account of enabling the use of a larger mantle thanordinary, with consequent increase in illuminating effect. By thisconstruction also the rod can be located at a greater distance from theburner and incandescent mantle, thereby avoiding any tendency tooverheating and consequent warping of the rod, as well as any liabilityof contact between the rod and mantle, which would result in damagingthe fragile A perfectly-straight chimney devoid of contractions preventsa concentration of heat on any one point of the mantle-surface,facilitates a more equable distribution of heat throughout the mantle,with consequent improvement of its incandescing effect, and inconnection with the hereindescribed burner promotes a more thoroughcombustion of gas and an increase in the efficiency of the illumination.

A further advantage derived from the straight chimney and the straightwire is that the cracking of the mantle, which sometimes ensues when thewire is close to ihe mantle, as is the case where it is a bent wire, isprevented, this cracking when the wire is close being caused by the factthat the wires absorption of heat causes the expansion an d contractionof the mantle along the line of the wire to differ from that over therest of its surface.

A further advantage of the bu rner-tip described herein. in connectionwith the straight chimney is that the mixture of air and gas is keptbelow the explosive point by the reunion of the individual jets at thesurface of the tip under a very low pressure, whereby the explosion onlighting from the top of the chimney is avoided.

I would have it understood that I do not. broadly claim in anincandescent gas-lamp a protecting-cup adapted to receive and protectthe lowerend of a fragile mantle, nor the combination of the burner, theinoandescentmantle suspendedabove the burner and having its lower edgebelow the burner-outlet, and the protecting-cup below and surroundingthe lower edge of said mantle, as such is not my invention.

\Vhat I claim is 1. In an incandescent gas-lamp, a burner tip comprisinga central cone, an outer rim or shell, an intervening annularflame-passage, and an annular series of gas-passages that perforate thebase of the burner-tip around the central cone and below the annularflamepassage, said gas-passages being extended partly into the outer rimor shell,whereby the flame is deflected toward the center of theburner-tip, substantially as described.

2. In an incandescent gas-lamp, the combination, with a burner-tube, ofa gallery supported on said tube, a cup at the upper end of said tubeand gallery, and a burner-tip supported in said cup and provided with anannular flame-passage and with an annular series of gas-passages leadinginto said flamepassage, substantially as described.

3. In an incandescent gas-lamp, the combination, with a burner-tube anda gallery supported thereon, of a cup at the upper end of said gallery,a wire-gauze cone placed in said cup, and a burner-tip supported in saidcup above the inclosed wire-gauze cone and provided with an annular flame-passage and with an annular series of gas-passages leading into saidflame-passage, substantially as described.

4. In an incandescent gas-lamp, the combination, with an atmosphericgas-burner tube, of a gas and air expansion chamber at the upper end ofsaid tube, a perforated diaphragm located in said chamber, and aburner-tip sup ported in said chamber above the perforated diaphragm,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HAROLD J. BELL.

\Vitnesses:

Lnwis STARR, WALDRoN SHAPLEIGH.

